Prediction of the presence of invasive disease from the measurement of extent of malignant microcalcification on mammography and DCIS

Prediction of the presence of invasive disease from the measurement of extent of malignant microcalcification on mammography and ductal carcinoma in situ grade at core biopsy
E.A.M. O'Flynn, J.C. Morel, J. Gonzalez, N. Dutt, D. Evans, R. Wasan, M.J. Michell
Clinical Radiology 64, Issue 2, February 2009, Pages 178-183

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Risk of invasion associated positively with -

increased cluster size

Cluster size DCIS (mm)	Total cases	Invasive cases	Non-invasive cases
<11	136	27 (20%)	109 (81%)
11–30	131	40 (31%)	91 (69%)
31–60	95	33 (35%)	62 (65%)
>60	40	18 (45%)	22 (55%)
Total	402	118 (29%)	284 (71%)

Increasing DCIS Grade

DCIS grade	All cases	Invasive cases	Non-invasive cases
Low	31	4 (13%)	27 (87%)
Intermediate	103	26 (25%)	77 (75%)
High	239	86 (36%)	153 (64%)
Unclassified	3	1 (33%)	2 (67%)
Unknown	26	1 (4%)	25 (96%)
Total	402	118 (29%)	284 (71%)

Allows risk of invasion to be objectively estimated pre-operatively, and therefore an informed decision made about whether SLNB should be performed at the same time as definitive surgery